Sample interview questions: Can you explain the concept of cavitation and its effects on fluid systems?
Sample answer:
Cavitation
Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs when the local pressure within a liquid falls below its vapor pressure, causing the liquid to vaporize. This results in the formation of vapor-filled cavities or bubbles within the liquid.
Effects on Fluid Systems:
Cavitation can have significant effects on fluid systems, including:
- Noise and Vibration: The collapse of cavitation bubbles generates noise and vibration.
- Damage to Components: The high-energy collapse of cavitation bubbles can damage system components, such as pumps, valves, and pipelines.
- Loss of Efficiency: Cavitation can reduce system efficiency by introducing drag and increasing pressure drop.
- Material Erosion: The high-velocity jet formed during bubble collapse can erode materials, leading to wear and tear.
- Accelerated Corrosion: Cavitation can cause accelerated corrosion due to the increased exposure of metal surfaces to oxygen.
- Performance Degradation: Cavitation can impair the performance of fluid devices, such as pumps and turbines, by reducing their flow rate and pressure rise.
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