Sample interview questions: What are some common techniques for achieving high-power laser output in the ultraviolet range?
Sample answer:
Some common techniques for achieving high-power laser output in the ultraviolet range include:
-
Frequency doubling: This technique involves using a nonlinear crystal to convert the wavelength of a laser beam from a longer wavelength (such as infrared or visible) to a shorter wavelength in the ultraviolet range. By passing the laser beam through a crystal with specific optical properties, the photons can undergo a nonlinear process called second-harmonic generation (SHG) or frequency doubling, resulting in the generation of photons with twice the frequency and half the wavelength.
-
Solid-state lasers: Solid-state lasers can be used to generate high-power ultraviolet output by utilizing certain laser gain media that are capable of lasing in the ultraviolet range. For example, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers can be frequency-doubled to produce high-power ultraviolet beams. Additionally, other solid-state laser materials such as titanium-doped sapphire (Ti:sapphire) can be employed to achieve ultraviolet lasing.
-
Excimer lasers: Excimer lasers are a type of gas laser that operate in the ultraviolet range. These lasers utilize a mixture of reactive gases, such as a noble gas (e.g., argon, krypton, or xenon) and a halogen gas (e.g., fluorine or chlorine), to produce short-lived excited molecules known as excimers. The excimers can then undergo a spontaneous emission process, resulting in the generation of high-power ultraviolet laser beams.
-
Raman shifting: Raman shifting is a nonlinear optical process… Read full answer