Sample interview questions: Can you explain the concept of nuclear decay and the different types of radioactive decay?
Sample answer:
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Nuclear Decay:
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Nuclear decay is a spontaneous process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting particles or radiation and transforms into a more stable nucleus.
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The rate of decay is constant for a given radioactive isotope and is measured by its half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
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Types of Radioactive Decay:
a. Alpha Decay:
– An alpha particle, consisting of two protons and two neutrons, is emitted from the nucleus.
– It has a short range and low penetration power due to its large size and mass.
– Examples: Uranium-238 decays into Thorium-234 by emitting an alpha particle.
b. Beta Decay:
– A beta particle, either an electron or a positron, is emitted from the nucleus.
– Beta decay occurs when the neutron-to-proton ratio is either too high or too low.
– Examples: Cobalt-60 decays into Nickel-60 by emitting a beta particle.
c. Gamma Decay:
– A gamma-ray, a high-energy photon, is emitted from the nucleus.
– It is a rearrangement of the nucleons within the nucleus, resulting in a more stable energy state.
– Examples: Technetium-99m decays into Technetium-99 by e… Read full answer