Sample interview questions: Can you explain the concept of biodiversity and its importance in ecosystem functioning?
Sample answer:
Biodiversity and Its Importance in Ecosystem Functioning:
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms, including plants, animals, microorganisms, and their genetic diversity, within an ecosystem. Ecologists consider biodiversity to be a crucial aspect of ecosystem functioning and resilience. Here’s why:
- Ecosystem Services:
Biodiversity supports a wide range of ecosystem services that benefit human well-being. These services include: - Food Provision: Biodiversity ensures a diversity of plant and animal species that serve as food sources for humans and other organisms.
- Water Filtration: Plants and microorganisms play a vital role in filtering pollutants from water bodies, maintaining water quality.
- Pollination: Insects and birds are essential pollinators, enabling the reproduction of flowering plants, including many crops.
- Climate Regulation: Forests and oceans absorb carbon dioxide, helping to regulate climate and mitigating the impacts of climate change.
- Nutrient Cycling: Microorganisms and decomposers break down organic matter, releasing nutrients back into the soil, essential for plant growth.
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Soil Fertility: Soil biodiversity supports soil health, increasing its fertility and productivity for agricultural purposes.
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Resilience to Environmental Changes:
Biodiversity enhances the resilience of ecosystems to disturbances such as climate variability, habitat loss, and invasive species. A more diverse ecosystem has a higher chance of containing species that can adapt to changing conditions and compensate for the loss of others. This resilience is crucial for the long-term functioning and sustainability of ecosystems. -
Genetic Diversity:
Genetic diversity within a species is important for its adaptive potential and resilience. … Read full answer