Sample interview questions: Can you explain the concept of insect resistance to pesticides and how it can be managed?
Sample answer:
Concept of Insect Resistance to Pesticides
Insect resistance to pesticides is when a population of insects develops the ability to survive or tolerate exposure to a particular pesticide or class of pesticides that would normally kill them. Resistance occurs when genetic mutations or changes in gene expression confer an advantage to insects that allows them to survive or reproduce despite the presence of the pesticide.
Mechanisms of Resistance
- Detoxification: Modification of the pesticide within the insect’s body, making it less toxic or non-toxic.
- Target Site Insensitivity: Changes in the molecular structure of the pesticide target, reducing its binding affinity and effectiveness.
- Reduced Penetration: Thickening of the insect’s cuticle or changes in membrane permeability, preventing the pesticide from entering the body.
- Metabolic Resistance: Increased production of enzymes that break down the pesticide or alter its structure.
- Behavioral Avoidance: Changes in insect behavior to avoid contact with pesticides, such as detecting and avoiding treated areas.
Management of Resistance
To manage insect resistance, integrated pest management (IPM) approaches are crucial:
- Rotate Pesticides: Use different pesticides with different modes of action to reduce the selection pressure on resistant insects.
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