Sample interview questions: How would you define thermodynamic equilibrium?
Sample answer:
Thermodynamic equilibrium is a state in which a system is in complete internal and external balance, with no net change occurring over time. It is characterized by the absence of any macroscopic flows or gradients within the system. In this state, the system’s properties, such as temperature, pressure, density, and chemical potential, are uniform and do not vary with time or position.
To understand thermodynamic equilibrium, it is crucial to comprehend the concept of entropy, which is a measure of the system’s disorder or randomness. In thermodynamics, the second law states that the entropy of an isolated system tends to increase over time until it reaches a maximum value at equilibrium. Therefore, when a system is in thermodynamic equilibrium, its entropy is at its maximum possible value.
There are different types of thermodynamic equilibrium, namely thermal, mechanical, and chemical equilibrium.
Thermal equilibrium refers to a state where two or more systems are at the same temperature and there is no heat transfer occurring between them. This condition is necessary for the establishment of a thermal equilibrium.
Mechanical equilibrium occurs when there is no net force or pressure difference acting within or on a system. In this state, all the forces and pressures within the system balance each other out, resulting in a stable condition.
Chemical equilibrium is ac… Read full answer