Sample interview questions: Describe the various techniques used for sound source localization and tracking.
Sample answer:
Beamforming
- Uses an array of microphones to create a virtual microphone array with a focused beamwidth.
- By scanning the beam across the space, the direction of the sound source can be identified.
Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA)
- Measures the time difference between the arrival of a sound wave at multiple microphones.
- Triangulation techniques use these time differences to estimate the source location.
Cross-Correlation
- Calculates the cross-correlation between the signals received at different microphones.
- The time delay at which the cross-correlation peaks indicates the time difference between the signals, allowing for source localization.
Frequency Difference of Arrival (FDOA)
- Exploits the phase shift of higher frequencies over distance.
- By measuring the frequency difference between signals received at multiple microphones, the source’s distance can be estimated.
Impedance Analysis
- Involves measuring the impedance of a fluid medium, such as air, in the presence of a sound source.
- Changes in impedance can indicate the presence and location of th… Read full answer
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