Sample interview questions: How do you approach characterizing the magnetic domain structure in materials?
Sample answer:
Sample preparation
The preparation of samples for magnetic domain characterization depends on the material and the desired information. For example, thin films can be prepared using physical vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy, while bulk materials may need to be mechanically polished or etched. In some cases, special sample preparation techniques, such as ion milling or focused ion beam preparation, may be necessary.
Measurement techniques
Numerous techniques can be used to characterize the magnetic domain structure in materials. These techniques include:
- Magnetic force microscopy: This technique uses a sharp magnetic tip to scan the surface of a material and detect the magnetic force gradient. MFM can provide high-resolution images of magnetic domains and is suitable for characterizing thin films and patterned materials.
- Lorentz microscopy: This technique uses a transmission electron microscope (TEM) to image the magnetic field distribution in a material. Lorentz microscopy can provide information about the size, shape, and orientation of magnetic domains and is suitable for characterizing bulk materials.
- Scanning Hall probe microscopy: This technique uses a Hall probe to measure the magnetic field at the surface of a material. The probe can scan the sample in a raster pattern to create an image of the magnetic domain structure. Scanning Hall probe microscopy is suitable for characterizing both thin films and bulk mater… Read full answer
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